2019 Ardonia arrocane season
| 2019 Ardonia arrocane season | |
 | |
| Seasonal boundaries | |
|---|---|
| First system formed | May 19, 2019 |
| Last system dissipated | October 1, 2019 |
| Strongest storm | |
| Name | Milton (Strongest and most intense Ardonia arrocane on record) |
| • Maximum winds | 200 mph (325 km/h) (1-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure | 865 mbar (hPa; 25.54 inHg) |
| Seasonal statistics | |
| Total depressions | 26 (record high) |
| Total storms | 25 (record high) |
| Arrocanes | 16 (record high) |
| Major arrocanes (Cat. 3+) |
9 (record high) |
| ACE | 216.7825 (record high) |
| Total fatalities | 2,216 total (Second-deadliest tropical cyclone season on record) |
| Total damage | $440 billion (2019 USD) (Costliest tropical cyclone season on record) |
| Related articles | |
Ardonia arrocane seasons 1865, 2019, 2020 | |
The 2019 Ardonia arrocane season was an exceptionally active and destructive tropical cyclone season in Ardonia, and the most active and costliest Ardonia arrocane season on record. The season produced a record 26 tropical depressions, of which a record 25 became named storms, 16 intensified into arrocanes, and nine became major arrocanes, all seasonal records. Three systems—Arlene, Katrina, and Milton—reached Category 5 intensity, also a seasonal record. The season accumulated an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 216.7825, more than twice the 93.585 recorded during the 1865 Ardonia arrocane season and the highest seasonal total on record. Collectively, the season's tropical cyclones caused approximately $440 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 2,216 fatalities. It was the deadliest Ardonia arrocane season on record at the time, though its fatality total was surpassed by the 2020 Ardonia arrocane season the following year.
Tropical cyclone activity began on May 19 with the formation of Arlene, following the development of its precursor several days earlier. Arlene rapidly intensified and became the season's first arrocane, major arrocane, and Category 5 arrocane. At peak intensity, Arlene attained maximum sustained winds of 180 mph (285 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 899 mbar (hPa; 26.55 inHg), the second-lowest pressure recorded in the Gulf of Ardonia. The cyclone caused catastrophic damage across portions of Cydonia, particularly Meridian, and became the deadliest and costliest storm of the season. Arlene caused 1,379 fatalities, left 563 people missing, and produced $158 billion in damage, making it the costliest tropical cyclone on record.
Activity continued during June, including the development of Camille and Florence. Florence intensified into a Category 4 arrocane with maximum sustained winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and caused $45 billion in damage and 51 fatalities. Tropical activity increased substantially during July, when numerous cyclones developed in close succession. Katrina became the season's second Category 5 arrocane, reaching maximum sustained winds of 175 mph (280 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 901 mbar (hPa; 26.61 inHg). Katrina caused $59 billion in damage and 207 fatalities. Milton subsequently became the third Category 5 arrocane of the season and the strongest tropical cyclone of the year. It attained maximum sustained winds of 200 mph (325 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 865 mbar (hPa; 25.54 inHg), while causing $75 billion in damage and 437 fatalities. Rita later reached Category 4 intensity and caused an additional $37.55 billion in damage.
Activity remained substantial into August, when Victor, Wilma, and Xander each became major arrocanes. Wilma was the strongest of the three, reaching Category 4 intensity with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (230 km/h), and caused $29.5 billion in damage and 44 fatalities. Activity decreased considerably thereafter, with Yoko becoming the only named storm to form during September. Tropical Depression Twenty-Six developed late in the month and became the final tropical cyclone of the season, dissipating on October 1. Following the season, the Ardonia Meteorological Organization (AMO) retired eight names—Arlene, Camille, Florence, Katrina, Milton, Rita, Victor, and Wilma—from future use.
Seasonal forecasts
| Source | Date | Named storms |
Arrocanes | Major arrocanes |
| Previous documented season (1865) | 13 | 5 | 3 | |
| AMO | December 14, 2018 | 15–19 | 8–11 | 3–5 |
| ASU | April 5, 2019 | 17 | 9 | 4 |
| CTWP | April 18, 2019 | 18 | 10 | 4 |
| AMO | May 9, 2019 | 17–21 | 9–12 | 4–6 |
| ASU | June 7, 2019 | 20 | 12 | 6 |
| CTWP | July 5, 2019 | 22 | 14 | 7 |
| AMO | July 12, 2019 | 22–26 | 13–17 | 7–10 |
| ASU | August 2, 2019 | 24 | 15 | 8 |
| AMO | August 8, 2019 | 24–27 | 14–17 | 8–10 |
| Actual activity | 25 | 16 | 9 | |
Before and during each arrocane season, forecasts of tropical cyclone activity are issued by the Ardonia Meteorological Organization (AMO), scientific organizations, and research groups. These forecasts estimate the number of named storms, arrocanes, and major arrocanes expected to develop during the season. A major arrocane is defined as a tropical cyclone attaining Category 3 intensity or higher, corresponding to maximum sustained winds of at least 111 mph (179 km/h).
Historical climatology was limited prior to the 2019 season. The 1865 Ardonia arrocane season was the only previously documented Ardonia arrocane season, during which 13 named storms, five arrocanes, and three major arrocanes were recorded. Consequently, these totals served as the primary historical benchmark for forecasts of activity in 2019. Seasonal outlooks did not predict the number of tropical cyclones that would make landfall or the locations individual storms would affect.
Pre-season forecasts
On December 14, 2018, the Ardonia Meteorological Organization (AMO) issued its first outlook for the 2019 season, forecasting 15–19 named storms, 8–11 arrocanes, and 3–5 major arrocanes. Even the lower end of the forecast called for more named storms and arrocanes than had been documented during the 1865 season, and the organization anticipated a considerably more active season.
Ardonia State University (ASU) issued its first forecast on April 5, predicting 17 named storms, nine arrocanes, and four major arrocanes. The Cydonia Tropical Weather Project (CTWP) followed on April 18, forecasting 18 named storms, ten arrocanes, and four major arrocanes.
On May 9, the AMO increased its forecast to 17–21 named storms, 9–12 arrocanes, and 4–6 major arrocanes. The organization cited increasingly favorable atmospheric and oceanic conditions across the basin and maintained its expectation of substantially elevated tropical cyclone activity.
Mid-season forecasts
Following the exceptionally active start to the season, forecasts were progressively increased. On June 7, ASU raised its prediction to 20 named storms, 12 arrocanes, and six major arrocanes. By this time, Arlene had already become the first Category 5 arrocane of the season and had demonstrated the potential for exceptionally intense tropical cyclones during the year.
On July 5, CTWP increased its forecast to 22 named storms, 14 arrocanes, and seven major arrocanes. Activity subsequently increased rapidly during July. On July 12, as Katrina and Milton were developing, the AMO substantially increased its seasonal outlook to 22–26 named storms, 13–17 arrocanes, and 7–10 major arrocanes.
ASU issued its final update on August 2, forecasting 24 named storms, 15 arrocanes, and eight major arrocanes. The AMO issued another outlook on August 8, forecasting 24–27 named storms, 14–17 arrocanes, and 8–10 major arrocanes. The season ultimately produced 25 named storms, 16 arrocanes, and nine major arrocanes, placing the final totals within the AMO's final forecast ranges.
Seasonal summary
Background
The 2019 Ardonia arrocane season was exceptionally active, producing 26 tropical depressions, of which 25 became named storms, 16 became arrocanes, and nine intensified into major arrocanes. Three systems—Arlene, Katrina, and Milton—reached Category 5 intensity on the Ardonia arrocane wind scale. Seasonal activity was also reflected by an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 216.7825, the highest recorded in the basin at the time. Collectively, the season's tropical cyclones caused approximately $440 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 2,216 fatalities.
Activity began unusually early with the development of Arlene on May 19. Following Arlene, tropical cyclogenesis occurred frequently through the remainder of May, June, and especially July. July represented the most active portion of the season, with numerous tropical cyclones existing simultaneously and several rapidly reaching arrocane or major arrocane intensity. Activity remained elevated into August before decreasing considerably in September. After Yoko dissipated in early September, nearly three weeks passed without a tropical cyclone. The final system of the season, Tropical Depression Twenty-Six, developed on September 29 and dissipated on October 1.
Early-season activity
The season began on May 19 with the formation of Arlene, which rapidly intensified and ultimately became the first Category 5 arrocane of the season. Arlene attained maximum sustained winds of 180 mph (290 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 899 mbar (hPa; 26.55 inHg), becoming an exceptionally intense early-season tropical cyclone. The arrocane caused catastrophic impacts across portions of Cydonia, particularly around Meridian, and became the costliest tropical cyclone on record, causing approximately $158 billion in damage and 1,379 fatalities. Tropical Storm Beryl formed while Arlene was still active, reaching maximum winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) before dissipating on May 27.
Activity increased during June. Camille formed on June 1 and became a Category 2 arrocane, reaching winds of 100 mph (160 km/h). Dennis and Erika followed during the middle of the month, with Erika becoming the season's third arrocane. Florence, which formed on June 11, underwent substantial intensification and became the season's second major arrocane, eventually reaching Category 4 intensity with maximum winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 925 mbar (hPa; 27.32 inHg). Florence caused approximately $45 billion in damage and 51 fatalities. Tropical Storm Gert was comparatively short-lived, while Harvey persisted from June 24 into early July. Irene developed near the end of June and became a Category 3 arrocane, the third major arrocane of the season.
Peak to late-season activity
Tropical activity increased dramatically during July. Following the short-lived Juan, a succession of tropical cyclones developed in rapid sequence. Katrina formed on July 11 and eventually reached Category 5 intensity, with maximum winds of 175 mph (282 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 901 mbar (hPa; 26.61 inHg). Katrina caused approximately $59 billion in damage and 207 fatalities. Laura developed at approximately the same time and became a Category 2 arrocane.
Milton formed on July 12 and became the strongest tropical cyclone recorded in the Ardonia basin. Milton underwent rapid intensification and reached its peak on July 15, with maximum sustained winds of 200 mph (320 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 865 mbar (hPa; 25.55 inHg). At peak intensity, Milton established worldwide records for both maximum sustained winds and minimum central pressure. The arrocane caused approximately $75 billion in damage and 437 fatalities. The simultaneous occurrence of Katrina, Laura, Milton, and Nate contributed to an exceptionally active period during the middle of July.
Activity continued during the latter half of July. Opal became a Category 1 arrocane, while Patricia and Quinn remained tropical storms. Rita became a Category 4 arrocane with maximum winds of 140 mph (230 km/h), causing approximately $37.55 billion in damage and 36 fatalities. Sandy, Tyler, and Uri developed shortly thereafter, with Sandy and Uri reaching Category 1 intensity. By the beginning of August, 21 tropical cyclones had already formed during the season.
Three consecutive major arrocanes occurred during August. Victor reached Category 3 intensity with maximum winds of 120 mph (190 km/h) and caused approximately $19.9 billion in damage and 28 fatalities. Wilma followed and became a Category 4 arrocane, reaching maximum winds of 145 mph (233 km/h) and causing approximately $29.5 billion in damage and 44 fatalities. Xander subsequently became a Category 3 arrocane and reached maximum winds of 125 mph (201 km/h). Xander's dissipation on August 21 marked the end of the season's prolonged period of major arrocane activity.
Tropical activity decreased sharply thereafter. Yoko was the only named storm during September, developing on September 3 and reaching maximum winds of 60 mph (97 km/h) before dissipating on September 6. No additional named storms developed during the remainder of the season. Tropical Depression Twenty-Six formed on September 29 and remained weak throughout its short existence, with maximum winds of 35 mph (56 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 1008 mbar (hPa; 29.77 inHg). The depression dissipated on October 1, marking the end of tropical cyclone activity during the 2019 season.
Systems
Arrocane Arlene
| Very intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 5 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | May 19 – May 27 |
| Peak intensity | 155 mph (250 km/h) (10-min); 899 mbar (hPa) |
The first tropical cyclone of the season, Arlene originated from an area of low pressure that was first monitored on May 17. The disturbance gradually organized and developed into a tropical cyclone on May 19. Arlene subsequently underwent a period of rapid intensification while moving through the Gulf of Ardonia, becoming the first major arrocane and Category 5 arrocane of the season. At 00:00 UTC on May 22, Arlene reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 180 mph (290 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 899 mbar (hPa; 26.55 inHg), the second-lowest pressure recorded in a tropical cyclone in the Gulf of Ardonia.
Arlene subsequently weakened as it approached Cydonia, affecting the Trinity Islands and portions of the southern Cydonian coastline before moving across the region. Significant impacts occurred in Po'Hatu, the Cydonia Mines, and especially Meridian. The cyclone continued weakening thereafter and lost its tropical characteristics on May 27.
Arlene was the most destructive cyclone of the season in terms of both fatalities and monetary losses, causing 1,379 deaths and leaving 563 people missing. Damage totaled approximately $158 billion (2019 USD), making Arlene the costliest tropical cyclone on record. The name Arlene was subsequently retired and replaced by Audrey for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Tropical Storm Beryl
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | May 25 – May 27 |
| Peak intensity | 65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min); 989 mbar (hPa) |
Beryl developed on May 25 while Arlene was weakening, becoming the second named storm of the season. The storm steadily intensified through May 26, reaching its peak intensity at 06:00 UTC with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 989 mbar (hPa; 29.21 inHg). Beryl remained below arrocane intensity throughout its existence.
Following its peak, Beryl gradually weakened, with winds decreasing to 45 mph (72 km/h) by 00:00 UTC on May 27. The cyclone lost its tropical characteristics six hours later, marking the end of its tropical phase. Beryl caused no reported fatalities or damage.
Arrocane Camille
| Arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 2 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | June 1 – June 5 |
| Peak intensity | 85 mph (140 km/h) (10-min); 962 mbar (hPa) |
Camille developed at the beginning of June and gradually strengthened while moving through the basin. The cyclone became an arrocane on June 3 and continued to intensify into the following day. At 12:00 UTC on June 4, Camille reached its peak as a Category 2 arrocane with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (160 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 973 mbar (hPa; 28.73 inHg). Camille weakened rapidly thereafter, falling below arrocane intensity early on June 5 and degenerating into a remnant low later that day.
Camille affected several locations during its passage, including Mt. Velgrin and portions of Felden, particularly the Kawaiin Islands, Fort Zuka, Riverstead, Ferndale, and Looma Watchtower. The most severe impacts occurred in Riverstead and Fort Zuka. Overall, Camille caused approximately $16 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 23 fatalities. The name Camille was subsequently retired and replaced by Chantal for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Tropical Storm Dennis
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | June 10 – June 13 |
| Peak intensity | 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min); 990 mbar (hPa) |
Dennis developed into a tropical storm on June 10, becoming the fourth named storm of the season. The cyclone strengthened gradually over the following day, reaching its peak intensity at 18:00 UTC on June 11 with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 990 mbar (hPa; 29.23 inHg). Dennis remained a relatively weak tropical storm and never reached arrocane intensity.
Dennis began weakening on June 12 as Erika and Florence developed elsewhere in the basin. By 06:00 UTC on June 13, Dennis had lost its tropical characteristics, ending its period as a tropical cyclone. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Dennis.
Arrocane Erika
| Category 1 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | June 12 – June 14 |
| Peak intensity | 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min); 982 mbar (hPa) |
Erika developed into a tropical storm on June 12 amid a period of increasing activity across the basin. The cyclone strengthened quickly, becoming a Category 1 arrocane at 00:00 UTC on June 13. Six hours later, Erika reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 982 mbar (hPa; 29.00 inHg).
Erika maintained its peak winds through 12:00 UTC before gradually weakening. It fell below arrocane intensity early on June 14 and continued to weaken throughout the day, losing its tropical characteristics at 18:00 UTC. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Erika.
Arrocane Florence
| Intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 4 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | June 11 – June 18 |
| Peak intensity | 130 mph (215 km/h) (10-min); 933 mbar (hPa) |
Florence developed in mid-June and steadily intensified, becoming an arrocane on June 14 before rapidly strengthening into a major arrocane later that day. Florence first attained Category 4 intensity on June 15, before briefly weakening to Category 3. The cyclone subsequently re-intensified, reaching its peak intensity at 18:00 UTC on June 15 with maximum sustained winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 925 mbar (hPa; 27.32 inHg).
Florence weakened considerably on June 16 before re-intensifying, becoming a major arrocane for a second time on June 17 and again reaching Category 4 intensity. The cyclone weakened rapidly on June 18, falling from Category 3 intensity to a tropical storm within six hours. Florence weakened to a tropical depression later that day before degenerating into a remnant low.
Florence caused severe impacts in Conchord, particularly West Port, which accounted for the majority of the cyclone's damage and fatalities. Additional impacts occurred at Small Farm, Abandoned Hut, and Deeproot. Overall, Florence caused approximately $45 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 51 fatalities. The name Florence was subsequently retired and replaced by Frances for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Tropical Storm Gert
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | June 20 – June 21 |
| Peak intensity | 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min); 994 mbar (hPa) |
Gert developed into a tropical storm on June 20, becoming the seventh named storm of the season. The cyclone strengthened modestly, reaching its peak intensity at 12:00 UTC that day with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 994 mbar (hPa; 29.35 inHg). Gert remained well below arrocane intensity throughout its brief existence.
The storm began weakening later on June 20 and continued to deteriorate into the following day. At 06:00 UTC on June 21, Gert lost its tropical characteristics, ending its period as a tropical cyclone. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Gert.
Tropical Storm Harvey
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | June 24 – July 5 |
| Peak intensity | 65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min); 993 mbar (hPa) |
Harvey developed into a tropical storm on June 24 and remained a tropical cyclone for 10.5 days, making it one of the longer-lived systems of the season. Initially slow to strengthen, Harvey gradually intensified over the following several days. At 18:00 UTC on June 28, the storm reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 993 mbar (hPa; 29.32 inHg). Despite its longevity, Harvey never attained arrocane intensity.
Harvey weakened after its initial peak but remained a tropical storm into July, undergoing several minor fluctuations in intensity. The cyclone briefly regained winds of 60 mph (97 km/h) on July 1 and again on July 2 before beginning a more sustained weakening trend. Harvey lost its tropical characteristics at 06:00 UTC on July 5, ending its 10.5-day duration as a tropical cyclone. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Harvey.
Arrocane Irene
| Intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 3 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | June 30 – July 6 |
| Peak intensity | 105 mph (165 km/h) (10-min); 969 mbar (hPa) |
Irene developed into a tropical storm on June 30 while Harvey remained active elsewhere in the basin. The cyclone steadily intensified, becoming an arrocane on July 1 and reaching Category 2 intensity the following day. At 06:00 UTC on July 3, Irene became a major arrocane and simultaneously reached its peak intensity, with maximum sustained winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 969 mbar (hPa; 28.61 inHg).
Irene weakened almost immediately after reaching its peak, falling below major arrocane intensity later on July 3 and weakening to a tropical storm on July 5. The storm continued to deteriorate through July 6 before losing its tropical characteristics at 12:00 UTC. Irene remained away from populated areas throughout its existence, with no fatalities or damage attributed to the cyclone.
Tropical Storm Juan
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | July 9 – July 11 |
| Peak intensity | 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min); 996 mbar (hPa) |
Juan developed into a tropical storm on July 9 and strengthened modestly over the following several hours. At 06:00 UTC on July 10, Juan reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 996 mbar (hPa; 29.41 inHg). The storm weakened shortly thereafter and lost its tropical characteristics at 00:00 UTC on July 11.
Despite its short duration, Juan caused impacts in Landfall and Port Kazu in Cydonia. Damage totaled approximately $5 million (2019 USD), while three fatalities were attributed to the storm, all of which occurred in Landfall.
Arrocane Katrina
| Very intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 5 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | July 11 – July 17 |
| Peak intensity | 150 mph (240 km/h) (10-min); 900 mbar (hPa) |
Katrina developed into a tropical storm on July 11 and steadily intensified, becoming an arrocane early on July 12 and a major arrocane on July 13. Intensification accelerated thereafter, with Katrina reaching Category 4 intensity on July 14 and Category 5 intensity at 00:00 UTC on July 15. At 12:00 UTC that day, Katrina reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 175 mph (282 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 901 mbar (hPa; 26.61 inHg), making it the second Category 5 arrocane of the season.
Katrina remained a Category 5 arrocane into July 16 before beginning a rapid weakening trend. The cyclone fell to Category 4 intensity early that day and weakened to Category 3 by 00:00 UTC on July 17. Katrina deteriorated particularly rapidly thereafter, weakening to Category 1 intensity six hours later and to a tropical storm by 12:00 UTC. It degenerated into a remnant low later on July 17.
Katrina caused catastrophic impacts across the Kawaiin Islands of Felden, which accounted for virtually all of the cyclone's damage and fatalities. Minor damage was also reported in Fronchester. Overall, Katrina caused approximately $59 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 207 fatalities. The name Katrina was subsequently retired and replaced by Kara for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Arrocane Laura
| Category 2 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 11 – July 16 |
| Peak intensity | 105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min); 978 mbar (hPa) |
Laura developed into a tropical storm on July 11 during a sharp increase in tropical activity across the basin. The cyclone steadily intensified and became an arrocane late on July 12 before strengthening to Category 2 intensity early the following day. At 18:00 UTC on July 13, Laura reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph (169 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 978 mbar (hPa; 28.88 inHg).
Laura maintained Category 2 intensity through much of July 13 before beginning a gradual weakening trend. The cyclone weakened to Category 1 on July 14 and to a tropical storm on July 15 before losing its tropical characteristics at 06:00 UTC on July 16. Laura affected the Cydonian coast during its lifetime, causing approximately $8.55 million (2019 USD) in damage and seven fatalities.
Arrocane Milton
| Very intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 5 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | July 12 – July 18 |
| Peak intensity | 180 mph (285 km/h) (10-min); 865 mbar (hPa) |
Milton developed into a tropical storm on July 12 amid an exceptionally active period across the basin. After initially strengthening gradually, Milton became an arrocane early on July 14 before undergoing a period of explosive intensification. Its winds increased from 90 mph (140 km/h) at 06:00 UTC to 175 mph (282 km/h) just 12 hours later, making Milton a Category 5 arrocane. At 00:00 UTC on July 15, Milton reached its record peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 200 mph (320 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 865 mbar (hPa; 25.55 inHg), making it the strongest arrocane of the season.
Milton weakened sharply following its initial peak, falling to Category 4 intensity by 12:00 UTC on July 15. However, the cyclone quickly reorganized and regained Category 5 intensity six hours later. A second period of intensification followed, with Milton reaching winds of 185 mph (298 km/h) on July 16 before beginning a sustained weakening trend. Milton weakened below Category 5 intensity early on July 17 and rapidly deteriorated thereafter, falling to a tropical storm later that day. The cyclone lost its tropical characteristics at 06:00 UTC on July 18.
Milton caused catastrophic damage across portions of Cydonia, particularly the Trinity Islands, Cydonia Mines, Po'Hatu, and Meridian. Additional impacts occurred at Crescent Beach and Blade Island. Overall, Milton caused approximately $75 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 437 fatalities, with Meridian accounting for the overwhelming majority of both. The name Milton was subsequently retired and replaced by Mason for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Arrocane Nate
| Category 1 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 15 – July 17 |
| Peak intensity | 75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min); 987 mbar (hPa) |
Nate developed into a tropical storm on July 15 amid an exceptionally active period across the basin. The cyclone strengthened quickly during its first several hours, reaching arrocane intensity at 18:00 UTC that day. At the same time, Nate reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 75 mph (121 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 987 mbar (hPa; 29.15 inHg).
Nate's period as an arrocane was brief, as it weakened back into a tropical storm by 00:00 UTC on July 16. Steady weakening continued thereafter, and Nate lost its tropical characteristics at 12:00 UTC on July 17. No fatalities or damage were attributed to the cyclone.
Arrocane Opal
| Category 1 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 23 – July 25 |
| Peak intensity | 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min); 986 mbar (hPa) |
Opal developed into a tropical storm on July 23 and strengthened steadily throughout the day, becoming an arrocane at 18:00 UTC. Six hours later, at 00:00 UTC on July 24, Opal reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 986 mbar (hPa; 29.12 inHg).
Opal began weakening shortly after reaching its peak, falling below arrocane intensity by 12:00 UTC on July 24. The storm continued to weaken throughout the remainder of the day before losing its tropical characteristics at 06:00 UTC on July 25. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Opal.
Tropical Storm Patricia
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 23 – July 26 |
| Peak intensity | 65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min); 992 mbar (hPa) |
Patricia developed into a tropical storm on July 23 and gradually strengthened over the following day. At 18:00 UTC on July 24, Patricia reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 992 mbar (hPa; 29.29 inHg). Despite approaching arrocane intensity, Patricia remained a tropical storm throughout its existence.
Patricia began weakening shortly after reaching its peak, with its winds decreasing to 50 mph (80 km/h) by 06:00 UTC on July 25. The storm continued to weaken throughout the day before losing its tropical characteristics at 00:00 UTC on July 26. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Patricia.
Tropical Storm Quinn
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | July 23 – July 24 |
| Peak intensity | 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min); 1007 mbar (hPa) |
Quinn developed from a tropical depression on July 23 and became a tropical storm at 06:00 UTC on July 24. At that time, Quinn simultaneously reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 40 mph (64 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 1007 mbar (hPa; 29.74 inHg). The cyclone was exceptionally short-lived as a tropical storm, maintaining tropical storm intensity for only a single six-hour period.
By 12:00 UTC on July 24, Quinn had weakened and lost its tropical characteristics, becoming an extratropical cyclone. Despite its brief duration and minimal intensity, Quinn produced impacts along the coast, causing approximately $1 million (2019 USD) in damage. No fatalities were attributed to the storm.
Arrocane Rita
| Intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 4 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | July 24 – July 27 |
| Peak intensity | 120 mph (195 km/h) (10-min); 945 mbar (hPa) |
Rita developed into a tropical storm on July 24 and began strengthening rapidly the following day. The cyclone became an arrocane at 06:00 UTC on July 25 and reached Category 2 intensity twelve hours later. Intensification accelerated overnight, with Rita becoming a major arrocane at 00:00 UTC on July 26 and reaching Category 4 intensity six hours later. At 12:00 UTC, Rita reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 937 mbar (hPa; 27.67 inHg).
Rita began weakening after reaching its peak, although it remained a Category 4 arrocane through 18:00 UTC on July 26. Weakening accelerated on July 27, with the cyclone falling to Category 1 intensity by 06:00 UTC and becoming a tropical storm six hours later. Rita lost its tropical characteristics at 18:00 UTC on July 27.
Rita caused severe impacts in Riverstead and Fort Zuka in Felden, while additional damage occurred at Mt. Velgrin. Riverstead sustained the overwhelming majority of the destruction and fatalities. Overall, Rita caused approximately $37.55 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 36 fatalities. The name Rita was subsequently retired and replaced by Raya for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Arrocane Sandy
| Category 1 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 28 – July 31 |
| Peak intensity | 85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min); 988 mbar (hPa) |
Sandy developed into a tropical storm on July 28 and steadily intensified over the following day. The cyclone became an arrocane at 06:00 UTC on July 29 and continued strengthening throughout the day. At 18:00 UTC, Sandy reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (137 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 988 mbar (hPa; 29.18 inHg).
Sandy began weakening shortly after reaching its peak, although it remained an arrocane through the morning of July 30. The cyclone weakened to a tropical storm at 12:00 UTC and continued to deteriorate before losing its tropical characteristics at 00:00 UTC on July 31. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Sandy.
Tropical Storm Tyler
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 29 – July 30 |
| Peak intensity | 45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min); 1000 mbar (hPa) |
Tyler developed into a tropical storm on July 29 while Sandy was active elsewhere in the basin. The cyclone strengthened slightly during its brief existence, reaching its peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on July 30 with maximum sustained winds of 45 mph (72 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 1000 mbar (hPa; 29.53 inHg).
Tyler weakened shortly after reaching its peak, with winds decreasing to 40 mph (64 km/h) by 06:00 UTC. Six hours later, the cyclone lost its tropical characteristics, ending its period as a tropical cyclone less than a day after becoming a tropical storm. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Tyler.
Arrocane Uri
| Category 1 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | July 31 – August 3 |
| Peak intensity | 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min); 987 mbar (hPa) |
Uri developed into a tropical storm on July 31 and steadily strengthened during the following day. The cyclone became an arrocane at 18:00 UTC on August 1 before reaching its peak intensity six hours later, at 00:00 UTC on August 2, with maximum sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 987 mbar (hPa; 29.15 inHg).
Uri weakened shortly after reaching its peak, falling below arrocane intensity at 12:00 UTC on August 2. Weakening continued through August 3, and the cyclone degenerated into a remnant low at 18:00 UTC that day. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Uri.
Arrocane Victor
| Arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 3 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | August 3 – August 8 |
| Peak intensity | 100 mph (155 km/h) (10-min); 960 mbar (hPa) |
Victor developed into a tropical storm on August 3 and steadily intensified over the following several days. The cyclone became an arrocane on August 4 and reached Category 2 intensity at 00:00 UTC on August 6. Victor strengthened into a major arrocane at 00:00 UTC on August 7 before reaching its peak intensity six hours later, with maximum sustained winds of 120 mph (190 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 960 mbar (hPa; 28.35 inHg).
Victor remained a Category 3 arrocane through the remainder of August 7 before rapidly weakening. By 00:00 UTC on August 8, its winds had fallen to 90 mph (140 km/h), and the cyclone weakened into a tropical storm six hours later. Victor subsequently lost its tropical characteristics at 12:00 UTC on August 8.
Victor caused extensive damage after making landfall, with additional impacts occurring at Fort Hacksaw and Bhengorn. Overall, the arrocane caused approximately $19.9 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 28 fatalities. The name Victor was subsequently retired and replaced by Vance for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Arrocane Wilma
| Very intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 4 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Duration | August 11 – August 15 |
| Peak intensity | 140 mph (220 km/h) (10-min); 931 mbar (hPa) |
Wilma developed into a tropical storm on August 11 and initially strengthened gradually as it moved through the basin. The cyclone became an arrocane at 06:00 UTC on August 13 before undergoing a period of rapid intensification, strengthening from a Category 1 arrocane to a Category 4 in only twelve hours. Wilma continued to intensify into August 14, reaching its peak intensity at 06:00 UTC with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (233 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 931 mbar (hPa; 27.49 inHg).
After reaching peak intensity, Wilma weakened rapidly, with its winds falling to 110 mph (180 km/h) by 12:00 UTC on August 14. The cyclone weakened further into a tropical storm six hours later before losing its tropical characteristics at 00:00 UTC on August 15.
Wilma caused extensive destruction after making landfall, with additional impacts occurring in Riverstead and Fort Zuka. Overall, the arrocane caused approximately $29.5 billion (2019 USD) in damage and 44 fatalities. The name Wilma was subsequently retired and replaced by Wanda for future use in the Ardonia basin.
Arrocane Xander
| Intense arrocane (FML) | |
| Category 3 arrocane (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | August 17 – August 22 |
| Peak intensity | 110 mph (175 km/h) (10-min); 949 mbar (hPa) |
Xander developed into a tropical storm on August 17 and rapidly intensified shortly thereafter. Within twelve hours, its maximum sustained winds increased from 45 mph (72 km/h) to 115 mph (185 km/h), making Xander a major arrocane by 00:00 UTC on August 18. Intensification continued through the morning, and at 12:00 UTC, Xander reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 125 mph (201 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 949 mbar (hPa; 28.02 inHg).
Xander remained a major arrocane through 00:00 UTC on August 19 before beginning a gradual weakening trend. The cyclone weakened to Category 2 intensity later that morning and to Category 1 on August 20. Xander fell below arrocane intensity at 06:00 UTC on August 21 and continued weakening before losing its tropical characteristics at 00:00 UTC on August 22. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Xander.
Tropical Storm Yoko
| Tropical storm (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | September 3 – September 6 |
| Peak intensity | 60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min); 996 mbar (hPa) |
Yoko developed into a tropical storm on September 3 and gradually strengthened over the following two days. After initially struggling to intensify, Yoko reached its peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on September 5 with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph (97 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 996 mbar (hPa; 29.41 inHg).
Yoko weakened after reaching its peak, with its winds decreasing to 50 mph (80 km/h) by 06:00 UTC on September 5. The cyclone continued to gradually weaken through September 6 before losing its tropical characteristics at 12:00 UTC that day. No fatalities or damage were attributed to Yoko.
Tropical Depression Twenty-Six
| Tropical depression (AAWS) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duration | September 29 – October 1 |
| Peak intensity | 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min); 1008 mbar (hPa) |
Tropical Depression Twenty-Six developed on September 29, becoming the twenty-sixth and final tropical cyclone of the season. The depression failed to strengthen into a tropical storm, maintaining maximum sustained winds of 35 mph (56 km/h) throughout most of its existence. Its minimum central pressure fell to 1008 mbar (hPa; 29.77 inHg) at 12:00 UTC on September 30.
The depression persisted through October 1 before weakening and degenerating into a remnant low at 12:00 UTC that day, marking the end of tropical cyclone activity for the 2019 season. Despite remaining a tropical depression, Twenty-Six affected Blade Island, where it caused approximately $100,000 (2019 USD) in damage and one fatality.
Storm names
The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the Ardonia basin during 2019. 25 names on the list were used during the season, with Zachary remaining unused.
Retirement
Following the season, the names Arlene, Camille, Florence, Katrina, Milton, Rita, Victor, and Wilma were retired from the Ardonia tropical cyclone naming lists due to the destruction and loss of life associated with the storms. They were replaced by Audrey, Chantal, Frances, Kara, Mason, Raya, Vance, and Wanda, respectively.
The retirement of eight names was the most from a single Ardonia arrocane season on record.
Season effects
This is a table of all tropical cyclones that formed during the 2019 Ardonia arrocane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensity, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Damage and deaths include totals while a system was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all damage figures are in 2019 USD.
| Ardonia arrocane wind scale | ||||||
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |
| Storm name |
Dates active | Storm category at peak intensity |
Max 1-min wind mph (km/h) |
Min. press. (mbar) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arlene | May 19–27 | Category 5 arrocane
|
180 (285)
|
899
|
Trinity Islands, Po'Hatu, Cydonia Mines, Aridia Cliffs, Meridian, Blade Island, Port Kazu | $158 billion | 1,379 | |||
| Beryl | May 25–27 | Tropical storm
|
65 (100)
|
989
|
None | None | None | |||
| Camille | June 1–5 | Category 2 arrocane
|
100 (155)
|
973
|
Mount Velgrin, Kawaiin Islands, Fort Zuka, Riverstead, Ferndale, Looma Watchtower | $16 billion | 23 | |||
| Dennis | June 10–13 | Tropical storm
|
50 (85)
|
990
|
None | None | None | |||
| Erika | June 12–14 | Category 1 arrocane
|
80 (130)
|
982
|
None | None | None | |||
| Florence | June 11–18 | Category 4 arrocane
|
150 (240)
|
925
|
West Port, Small Farm, Abandoned Hut, Deeproot | $45 billion | 51 | |||
| Gert | June 20–21 | Tropical storm
|
50 (85)
|
994
|
None | None | None | |||
| Harvey | June 24 – July 5 | Tropical storm
|
65 (100)
|
993
|
None | None | None | |||
| Irene | June 30 – July 6 | Category 3 arrocane
|
115 (185)
|
969
|
None | None | None | |||
| Juan | July 9–11 | Tropical storm
|
50 (85)
|
996
|
Landfall, Port Kazu | $5 million | 3 | |||
| Katrina | July 11–17 | Category 5 arrocane
|
175 (280)
|
901
|
Kawaiin Islands, Fronchester | $59 billion | 207 | |||
| Laura | July 11–16 | Category 2 arrocane
|
105 (165)
|
978
|
Cydonian Coast | $8.55 million | 7 | |||
| Milton | July 12–18 | Category 5 arrocane
|
200 (325)
|
865
|
Trinity Islands, Cydonia Mines, Po'Hatu, Meridian, Crescent Beach, Blade Island | $75 billion | 437 | |||
| Nate | July 15–17 | Category 1 arrocane
|
75 (120)
|
987
|
None | None | None | |||
| Opal | July 23–25 | Category 1 arrocane
|
80 (130)
|
986
|
None | None | None | |||
| Patricia | July 23–26 | Tropical storm
|
65 (100)
|
992
|
None | None | None | |||
| Quinn | July 23–24 | Tropical storm
|
40 (65)
|
1007
|
Coast | $1 million | None | |||
| Rita | July 24–27 | Category 4 arrocane
|
140 (220)
|
937
|
Mount Velgrin, Riverstead, Fort Zuka | $37.55 billion | 36 | |||
| Sandy | July 28–31 | Category 1 arrocane
|
85 (140)
|
988
|
None | None | None | |||
| Tyler | July 29–30 | Tropical storm
|
45 (75)
|
1000
|
None | None | None | |||
| Uri | July 31 – August 3 | Category 1 arrocane
|
80 (130)
|
987
|
None | None | None | |||
| Victor | August 3–8 | Category 3 arrocane
|
120 (195)
|
960
|
Landfall, Fort Hacksaw, Bhengorn | $19.9 billion | 28 | |||
| Wilma | August 11–15 | Category 4 arrocane
|
145 (230)
|
931
|
Landfall, Riverstead, Fort Zuka | $29.5 billion | 44 | |||
| Xander | August 17–22 | Category 3 arrocane
|
125 (205)
|
949
|
None | None | None | |||
| Yoko | September 3–6 | Tropical storm
|
60 (95)
|
996
|
None | None | None | |||
| Twenty-Six | September 29 – October 1 | Tropical depression
|
35 (55)
|
1008
|
Blade Island | $100,000 | 1 | |||
| Season aggregates | ||||||||||
| 26 systems | May 19 – October 1 | 200 (325) | 865 | $439.965 billion | 2,216 | |||||